272 records from EconBiz based on author Name

1. Greening the Philippine employment projections model : new estimates and policy options

abstract

Climate change causes a vast magnitude of impacts that cut across boundaries and spill over time. It results in various, interrelated effects on important aspects of society. Direct and indirect effects of climate change touch on, for instance, health (e.g., Watts et al. 2015) and on labor (e.g., Kjellstrom et al. 2009; International Labor Organization 2018). Unfortunately, developing countries, which are the least contributors to climate change, are more exposed to environmental risks. According to the Global Climate Risk Index 2017, the Philippines, is in the top ten countries greatly affected by extreme weather events over the last two decades. In response to these challenges and risks, the country has been actively participating in international efforts to address this global concern. Locally, various policies have been enacted to create a progressive landscape for environmental protection, and disaster risk mitigation and response. Adding to these mitigation responses is the Green Jobs Act of 2016, which aims to encourage the creation and nurturing of green jobs along with the country's transition towards a more environmentally sustainable economy. [...]

Abrigo, Michael Ralph M.; Ortiz, Danica Aisa P.; Orbeta, Aniceto C.; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2021
Type: Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature; Arbeitspapier; Working Paper;
Availability: Link

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2. E-finance in the Philippines : status and prospects for digital financial inclusion

abstract

Digital technology applied to banking and financial transactions or e-finance in general has made financial services more widely available and affordable to consumers. And with appropriate and affordable technologies and applications, the financially excluded and the unserved can participate in mainstream banking and finance that will open many opportunities for consumption smoothing and investment and earning possibilities. This paper attempts to study the contribution of technology towards financial inclusion in the Philippines and analyze whether e-finance has enabled the last mile consumers to avail of financial products and services affordably and conveniently. It uses data from financial inclusion databases, and results from a national financial inclusion survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions with users of a mobile banking application. Electronic money transfers are found to be increasing in the country, but digital adoption rate, particularly for mobile payments, is relatively low especially if compared with countries in the region. The study probes into the experience and concerns of digital finance users, and presents recommendations to improve provision and use of digital financial products and services.

Llanto, Gilberto M.; Rosellon, Maureen Ane D.; Ortiz, Ma. Kristina P.;
2018
Type: Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature; Arbeitspapier; Working Paper;
Availability: Link Link Link

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3. Greening the Philippine employment projections model: New estimates and policy options

Abrigo, Michael Ralph M.; Ortiz, Danica Aisa P.; Orbeta, Aniceto C.; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2021
Type: Working Paper;
Availability:

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4. Measuring and examining innovation in Philippine business and industry

abstract

Innovation involves implementing new or significantly improved goods and services, production processes, marketing, or organizational methods for adding value. The measurement of innovation provides a mechanism for benchmarking national performance, and for examining innovation and its relation to economic growth. Further, examining determinants and bottlenecks to innovation among firms provides inputs to mainstreaming of policies on innovation. This paper describes and discusses the results of the 2015 Survey of Innovation Activities, conducted by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies. Survey results suggest that less than half of the firms in the country are innovators, with larger-sized firms innovating more than micro, small, and medium establishments. Government needs to have a champion for developing stronger policies and interventions to support and encourage innovation. It is also important to improve information dissemination on public programs available to assist firms in innovating. Networking, linkages, and collaboration among the government, industry associations, and universities and research institutions also require further enhancement.

Albert, Jose Ramon G.; Quimba, Francis Mark A.; Serafica, Ramonette B.; Llanto, Gilberto M.; Vizmanos, Jana Flor V.; Bairan, Jose Carlos Alexis C.;
2017
Type: Arbeitspapier; Working Paper; Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature;
Availability: Link Link Link

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5. Strengthening social enterprises for inclusive growth : Philippines

abstract

Social enterprises are gaining popularity in many parts of the world due to their great potential to advance the agenda of inclusive and sustainable growth. The uniqueness of social enterprises lies on their core advocacies, i.e., the attainment of community well-being and human development. Their main difference to traditional micro, small, and medium enterprises is that they have a hybrid nature wherein they adopt business solutions to social problems. The Philippines, in particular, has a social and cultural environment that is conducive to the framework of social entrepreneurship given that the country has had a widespread focus on bottom-of-the-pyramid issues and on the movement toward the stronger participation of the civil society and the private sector in social issues. However, the current policy environment in the country is still unresponsive to the growth of social enterprises. Social enterprises are currently viewed as traditional micro, small, and medium enterprises despite the differences. The government should give additional support to social enterprises by providing incentives for mixed financing; improving the suitability of the environment for grants, international aid and venture capitalists; and recognizing the social enterprises' longer incubation period.

Magno-Ballesteros, Marife; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2017
Type: Arbeitspapier; Working Paper; Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature;
Availability: Link Link

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6. Strengthening social enterprises for inclusive growth : Philippines

abstract

Social enterprises have been emerging globally as alternative organizations to achieve inclusive and sustainable growth. Success stories of social enterprises have shown that multiple bottom lines can be achieved; that firms can be vehicles for profit and other moral imperatives. In the Philippines, a resurgence of social enterprises has also been observed. However, the current policy environment in the country is yet unresponsive to the growth of social enterprises. There is a need to understand better the context of social enterprise operations through more rigorous research.

Magno-Ballesteros, Marife; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2017
Type: Arbeitspapier; Working Paper; Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature;
Availability: Link

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7. What determines financial inclusion in the Philippines? : evidence from a national baseline survey

abstract

This paper contributes to the literature on financial inclusion in the Philippines by examining three key financial services, namely, savings, credit, and insurance, and identifying individual socioeconomic characteristics that are associated with access to these financial services. Financial inclusion is also analyzed in the context of four geographical areas in the Philippines - National Capital Region, balanced Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao - which provides more insights and a better understanding of financial inclusion. Using data collected from the national baseline survey of financial inclusion, estimation results indicate that sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, civil status, education, employment, and income are associated significantly with accessing various financial products and services. Findings also suggest similarities in the socioeconomic profiles of users and nonusers of financial services in the four geographic areas, while differences appear to be related to the presence of banks and other formal financial institutions. These results provide useful inputs to policy and strategies for attaining inclusive finance.

Llanto, Gilberto M.; Rosellon, Maureen Ane D.;
2017
Type: Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature; Arbeitspapier; Working Paper;
Availability: Link Link Link

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8. Innovation activity of firms in the Philippines

abstract

Set against a rapidly changing global environment, Philippine industries now, more than ever, are facing new demands that will require more innovation for firms to remain competitive across the global market. The PIDS Survey on Innovation Activities (PSIA) conducted among firms in food manufacturing, other manufacturing, ICT, and BPO suggests that in 2015, about 43% of Philippines establishments were innovation-active. Strikingly, the BPO sector spends the most for innovation activities despite it being the least innovation-active among the various sectors at a rate of just 30%. Intellectual property applications have been very low across all industries following firms' tendency to view their product innovations as trade secrets in order to maintain their competitive edge against rivals. The study also finds that the conduct of knowledge management activities is positively correlated with firm size. Moreover, larger firms tend to rely on internal sources for their information and innovation which is the case with the food processing and automotive sectors. Results of the panel data model explaining innovative behavior among 2015 PSIA firms, that were also part of a pilot survey in 2009, showed that knowledge management activities and firm size are adequate determinants of innovation behavior. Taking all these survey results into perspective, a national policy that is grounded on consultations with all stakeholders in the innovation ecosystem should be pursued. Enabling the business environment through stronger intellectual property rights can also encourage more firms to innovate especially among wary multinational companies.

Quimba, Francis Mark A.; Albert, Jose Ramon G.; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2017
Type: Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature; Arbeitspapier; Working Paper;
Availability: Link Link Link

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9. Competition for the market : a policy framework for improving bus operation along EDSA

abstract

The EDSA bus market is fiercely competitive. In theory, allowing competition among many bus operators is expected to result in cost-effective and reliable transport services, and efficient use of roads. However, in reality, the outcomes are far different: daylong traffic jam and poor bus service along Metro Manila's most important road artery. This paper examined an option proposed by some quarters that consolidating bus operation along EDSA will solve road congestion. It was thought that having fewer but bigger bus operators will be the solution. Based on a review of country experiences, this paper argues that one way to address road congestion and other market failures in the bus markets is to shift the regulatory framework for bus transport services from the current competition "in the market" (the status quo) toward competition "for the market". Bus consolidation is an initial step to relieve the roads of traffic congestion, but it is not a sufficient condition for sustainable quality bus service. However, casting bus consolidation within a competition for the market regulatory framework presents a better and more workable option for improving bus transport services in EDSA. The alternative regulatory approach called "competition for the market framework" provides a stronger incentive for bus operators to consolidate because a competitive tendering mechanism is used to select an optimum number of formal bus transport operators that will serve the market. Government takes more control of critical aspects of bus services (design of the bus network, quality standards, frequency, among others), which, thus, provide an opportunity to address the market failures that are inherent in liberalized urban bus markets. The government via its pipeline of bus rapid-transit (BRT) projects--including one being prepared for EDSA--seems to lean in favor of this framework. To be effective and to encourage the application of this new framework also to non-BRT corridors, complementary reforms have to be implemented in parallel and these would include improving the capacity of regulatory agencies, institutions (rules of the game), procurement, contract monitoring, and traffic management.

Llanto, Gilberto M.; Gerochi, Hope A.;
2017
Type: Arbeitspapier; Working Paper; Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature;
Availability: Link Link

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10. What does ASEAN mean to ASEAN peoples? : (the Philippine case)

abstract

Using a purposive online and paper-based survey and focus group discussions with select target groups, this study makes inferences about the level of awareness of the Filipino people on ASEAN; their perceived problems confronting the Philippines and ASEAN; and their aspirations, concerns, and hopes for the association. It reveals moderate familiarity about ASEAN, as well as modest identification as ASEAN citizens, which improves with age and experience. There is also a general sentiment that Philippine membership in the association is beneficial for the country, albeit only moderate as well. Media coverage on ASEAN is also perceived to be inadequate. The study validates the most immediate concerns being faced by the Philippines today, notably affordable internet connection, poverty, corruption, agriculture and food security, and energy provision and price. Most pressing regional-level concerns are climate change and natural disasters, territorial/maritime disputes, trade and investment issues, agriculture and food security, and income disparity and social inequality. These reflect the priorities that ASEAN leaders should focus on in the immediate future to remain relevant and responsive to the needs of ASEAN peoples. Aspirations are high for ASEAN to realize its integration agenda and to play an active role in global negotiations and forums and for its member-states to achieve inclusive economic prosperity. How to realize these aspirations rests in part on the ability of its member-states to work harmoniously with one another and contribute actively toward the realization of the ASEAN Community Vision. For its part, ASEAN has to provide a strong leadership role in integrating its member-states, which individually are also confronted by a host of problems. As ASEAN's coordinating body, its Secretariat needs to strengthen its capability so it can provide more effective technical support to the association in meeting its goals and aspirations.

Siar, Sheila V.; Albert, Jose Ramon G.; Llanto, Gilberto M.;
2017
Type: Arbeitspapier; Working Paper; Graue Literatur; Non-commercial literature;
Availability: Link Link

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