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422 records from EconBiz based on author Name
1. Physical infrastructure and economic growth
Timilsina, Govinda R.; Stern, David I.; Kumar Das, Debasish;2024
Type: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift; Article in journal;
Availability: Link Link
2. Economic and Distributional Impacts of Selected Carbon Pricing Policies for the Arab Republic of Egypt
abstractThe Arab Republic of Egypt is the 24th largest carbon dioxide emitter from fossil fuel combustion in the world and the third largest emitter in the Middle East and North Africa region after the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia. Egypt has set a target of reducing one-third of its national greenhouse gas emissions under the Paris Climate Agreement. Pricing instruments, such as the removal of existing fossil fuel subsidies and the introduction of a carbon tax, help the country to achieve its emission reduction targets. However, the economic, social, and environmental impacts of such policies are unknown. This study develops a computable general equilibrium model for Egypt to investigate the economic, distributional, and climate change mitigation effects of fossil fuel subsidy removal and introduction of a carbon tax under alternative schemes to recycle the saved subsidies and carbon tax revenues. Four revenue recycling schemes are considered: public debt reduction, equal or progressive cash transfers to households, and cutting corporate income taxes. The numerical results indicate that removing existing petroleum subsidies and introducing of a carbon tax of LE 600 per ton of carbon dioxide would reduce national carbon dioxide emissions by up to 11 percent without significantly affecting the economy. When the saved subsidies and carbon tax revenues are given back to households through cash transfers, the income of poorer households would rise relative to that of richer households, ensuring that this revenue recycling scheme is progressive. The policies affect commodity prices and sectoral output not only in different magnitudes, but also in different directions across the revenue recycling schemes
Sebsibie, Samuel; Timilsina, Govinda R.;2024
Availability: Link
3. Economic and Policy Analysis for Emission Reduction from the Brick Industry in Nepal
abstractThe brick industry is one of the primary sources of carbon dioxide emissions and local air pollutants in Nepal. Coal, which accounts for one-third of the current national carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel sources and is entirely imported, is the primary fuel in the brick industry. The brick industry accounts for 27 percent of the total carbon dioxide emissions from coal consumption. The adoption of clean technologies or fuels in the brick industry is crucial for improving air quality, enhancing energy independence, and meeting the country's nationally determined contribution under the Paris Climate Accord and the net-zero emission target set for 2045. Substitution of imported coal with domestic energy resources in the brick industry substantially reduces the country's import bills. This study examines the economics of various alternatives to reduce coal consumption and corresponding emissions from the brick industry. The study considers a range of carbon taxes (US$10 to US$100 per ton of carbon dioxide), an environmental fiscal policy. The US$10 per ton of carbon dioxide tax would increase brick production costs by 2 to 6 percent, depending on the energy efficiencies of the technologies. If the carbon tax were US$100 per ton of carbon dioxide, the cost of bricks would increase by 12 to 36 percent. However, implementation of the policy may not be successful without enabling lower cost, clean alternatives. For example, replacing more coal with biomass provides direct cost and environmental savings but would require relaxing strict forest protections. The study recommends various promotional policies for non-fired alternative bricks. It also argues that since using electricity for firing bricks is an ideal option for reducing emissions from the brick industry in Nepal, the government and development partners should prioritize pilot projects for electric kilns
Heger, Martin Philippe; Malla, Sunil; Timilsina, Govinda R.;2024
Availability: Link
4. How can a carbon tax benefit developing economies with informality? : A CGE analysis for Côte d’Ivoire
Timilsina, Govinda R.; Dissou, Yazid; Toman, Michael A.; Heine, Dirk;2024
Type: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift; Article in journal;
Availability: Link Link
5. Distributional Effects of Carbon Tax in Ethiopia
abstractDeveloping countries are increasingly giving attention to carbon pricing to reduce their emissions, particularly in meeting their nationally determined contribution under the Paris Climate Agreement. However, they would like to understand the potential economic, distributional, and environmental impacts of carbon pricing policies before they consider implementation. Using a computable general equilibrium model of Ethiopia, this study examines the effects of a hypothetical carbon tax (US$20/total carbon dioxide) under several alternative schemes to recycle carbon tax revenue to the economy. The study finds that a carbon tax would be regressive in all schemes considered except those when the tax revenue is recycled, as a cash transfer, to household income groups either equally or inversely proportional to their incomes. The schemes that make the carbon tax progressive also cause a higher reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, thereby ensuring the alignment of equity and environmental outcomes of the carbon tax. However, these schemes are not necessarily economically efficient because they cause higher reductions of gross domestic product compared to other options considered
Sebsibie, Samuel; Timilsina, Govinda R.;2023
Availability: Link
6. Who Should Drive Green Technology Transitions in Developing Countries
abstractGreen technologies, such as renewable energy, often require adaptation to local conditions, such as high humidity, high altitudes or the specifics of a country's infrastructure, to achieve a maximal technical efficiency and a long lifetime of investments. This poses a problem for green technology transitions, as adaptations usually imply protected intellectual property rights and thus market imperfections that can lead to higher prices and thereby a lower uptake of the green technology. An alternative could be to use state-owned enterprises to adapt and promote green technologies, such as public utilities, which are more easily steered toward pursuing societal objectives. However, many empirical studies find state-owned enterprises to be less efficient. This theoretical contribution investigates the question whether a green technology transition that requires research and development is better driven by private firms or state-owned enterprises. The paper adapts a model to this setting, derives possible market outcomes from this model, investigates research and development and production decisions of private firms and a state-owned enterprise, and compares the welfare implications of the two options. The results show that there are cases where the cost inefficiency of the state-owned enterprise dominates (for example, if competition of directly importing firms reduces possible markups of private innovating firms), but also cases where a state-owned enterprise is the preferred choice (for example, if several private firms would adapt the technology, causing over-innovation). Most importantly, this is not solely a question of comparing costs, but rather of comparing market outcomes. For example, the use of a state-owned enterprise can avoid the often found problem of overinvestment in research and development by private firms and, in many cases, a state-owned enterprise will induce a wider diffusion of the green technology
Dato, Prudence; Krysiak, Frank; Nolde, Christian; Timilsina, Govinda R.;2023
Availability: Link Link
7. Subsidy removal, regional trade and CO2 mitigation in the electricity sector in the Middle East and North Africa region
Timilsina, Govinda R.; Deluque, Ilka;2023
Type: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift; Article in journal;
Availability: Link
8. Factors driving aggregate service sector energy intensities in Asia and Eastern Europe : a LMDI analysis
Wang, Jianda; Dong, Kangyin; Hochman, Gal; Timilsina, Govinda R.;2023
Type: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift; Article in journal;
Availability: Link
Citations: 3 (based on OpenCitations)
9. Distributional Effects of Carbon Tax in Ethiopia : A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
abstractDeveloping countries are increasingly giving attention to carbon pricing to reduce their emissions, particularly in meeting their nationally determined contribution under the Paris Climate Agreement. However, they would like to understand the potential economic, distributional, and environmental impacts of carbon pricing policies before they consider implementation. Using a computable general equilibrium model of Ethiopia, this study examines the effects of a hypothetical carbon tax (USD 20/total carbon dioxide) under several alternative schemes to recycle carbon tax revenue to the economy. The study finds that a carbon tax would be regressive in all schemes considered except those when the tax revenue is recycled, as a cash transfer, to household income groups either equally or inversely proportional to their incomes. The schemes that make the carbon tax progressive also cause a higher reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, thereby ensuring the alignment of equity and environmental outcomes of the carbon tax. However, these schemes are not necessarily economically efficient because they cause higher reductions of gross domestic product compared to other options considered
Timilsina, Govinda R.; Sebsibie, Samuel;2023
Availability: Link Link
10. Do investments in clean technologies reduce production costs? : insights from the literature
Timilsina, Govinda R.; Malla, Sunil;2023
Type: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift; Article in journal;
Availability: Link Link